{"id":5657,"date":"2024-01-09T14:27:32","date_gmt":"2024-01-09T14:27:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diabetomat.pl\/type-1-diabetes-what-you-need-to-know\/"},"modified":"2026-04-17T05:48:39","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T05:48:39","slug":"type-1-diabetes-what-you-need-to-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diabetomat.pl\/en\/type-1-diabetes-what-you-need-to-know\/","title":{"rendered":"Type 1 diabetes: what you need to know"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; column_position=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][heading top_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; bottom_margin=&#8221;50px&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; animation=&#8221;none&#8221; color=&#8221;Default&#8221; font_size=&#8221;35px&#8221; line_height=&#8221;1.2&#8243;]\n<h2><b>For <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.pl\/web\/uw-warminsko-mazurski\/cukrzyca--jedna-choroba-rozne-oblicza\"><b>300 000<\/b><\/a><b> Poles, type 1 diabetes is a daily occurrence.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Although it is a condition that cannot be prevented for the time being, it can be properly managed by reducing the risk of complications.<\/span><\/h2>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let&#8217;s take a closer look at what type 1 diabetes is, where it comes from and how to control it.<\/span><\/h2>\n[\/heading][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overflow=&#8221;visible&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; column_element_direction_desktop=&#8221;default&#8221; column_element_spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; desktop_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_backdrop_filter=&#8221;none&#8221; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; column_position=&#8221;default&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; animation_type=&#8221;default&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; border_type=&#8221;simple&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text]<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Table of Contents:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Co-to-jest-cukrzyca-typu-1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is type 1 diabetes?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#objawy-kt%C3%B3re-powinny%E2%80%93niepokoi%C4%87\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Type 1 diabetes: symptoms that should worry you<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a style=\"margin-left: 40px;\" href=\"#Diagnoza-w-kierunku-cukrzycy-typu-1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagnosis for type 1 diabetes<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#czy-mo%C5%BCna-unikn%C4%85%C4%87-zachorowania\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What causes type 1 diabetes and can the disease be avoided?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Skuteczne-zarz%C4%85dzanie-cukrzyc%C4%85\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Successful management of type 1 diabetes depends largely on the patient himself<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Powik%C5%82ania-cukrzycy\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Complications of type 1 diabetes<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#Wiedza-o-tym\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Knowing how to manage type 1 diabetes is the first step to improving quality of life<\/span><\/a>[\/vc_column_text][heading top_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; animation=&#8221;none&#8221; color=&#8221;Accent-Color&#8221; font_weight=&#8221;800&#8243; font_size=&#8221;50&#8243;]\n<h2 id=\"Co-to-jest-cukrzyca-typu-1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">What is type 1 diabetes?<\/span><\/h2>\n[\/heading][vc_column_text]<b>Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. It is also called insulin-dependent or juvenile diabetes. <\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Why insulin-dependent?<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  People with type 1 diabetes are completely dependent on an external supply of insulin. They need it to function properly and maintain healthy blood glucose levels. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>The immune system of people with type 1 diabetes, normally responsible for fighting infection, instead attacks and kills the beta cells of the pancreas, which produce insulin.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This causes the production of insulin to stop. Without it, glucose cannot enter the cells, causing blood sugar levels to rise. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Why youthful?<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Because type 1 diabetes usually begins before the age of 30, and the peak incidence is between the ages of 4 and 7 (source: &#8220;Diabetologia wieku rozwojowego&#8221; edited by M. Mysliwiec, P. Jarosz-Chobot).   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, just because type 1 diabetes didn&#8217;t produce symptoms at the time doesn&#8217;t mean it won&#8217;t appear again. It can be contracted at any age. <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][heading top_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; animation=&#8221;none&#8221; color=&#8221;Accent-Color&#8221; font_weight=&#8221;800&#8243; font_size=&#8221;50&#8243;]\n<h3 id=\"objawy-kt\u00f3re-powinny\u2013niepokoi\u0107\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Type 1 diabetes: symptoms that should worry you<\/span><\/h3>\n[\/heading][vc_column_text]<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first symptoms of type 1 diabetes usually appear within a few weeks. Some of them may be similar to symptoms of other diseases. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, it is important not to diagnose yourself. If you suspect you have type 1 diabetes, see your doctor to have your blood sugar tested. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>The main symptoms of type 1 diabetes are:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">greater desire,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More frequent urination,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">unexplained weight loss,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dry mouth,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fatigue, weakness,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">heavy breathing,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">visual disturbances,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Syncope may also occur,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">palpable acetone in the breath (characteristic of ketoacidosis).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][heading top_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; animation=&#8221;none&#8221; color=&#8221;Accent-Color&#8221; font_weight=&#8221;800&#8243; font_size=&#8221;50&#8243;]\n<h3 id=\"Diagnoza-w-kierunku-cukrzycy-typu-1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Diagnosis for type 1 diabetes<\/span><\/h3>\n[\/heading][vc_column_text]<b>The most common tests used to diagnose diabetes are:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Random Plasma Glucose (RPG) test,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A test that examines glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) test<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Usually, the first step to diagnosis is an adventitious blood glucose test, which measures blood sugar levels at a specific point in time. A result of \u2265 200 mg\/dl (\u2265 11.1 mmol\/l), combined with symptoms, indicates a   <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/diabetomat.pl\/cukrzyca-w-polsce-i-na-swiecie-rzeczywisty-obraz-zagrozenia\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">diabetes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even if the blood glucose is normal, diabetes can be diagnosed using two other diagnostic scenarios approved by the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ptdiab.pl\/zalecenia-ptd\/zalecania-aktywni-czlonkowie-2023\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Polish Diabetological Association<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is tested to determine the duration of high blood sugar levels. If it is \u2265 6.5% (\u2265 48 mmol\/ mol), we are dealing with diabetes. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fasting blood glucose levels in each of the two measurements \u2265 126 mg\/dl (\u2265 7.0 mmol\/l) are also indicative of diabetes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even if blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels are normal, but the patient&#8217;s 120th minute OGTT oral glucose tolerance test results are \u2265 200 mg\/dl (\u2265 11.1 mmol\/l), there is a reasonable suspicion that the patient has diabetes. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>These tests can confirm the presence of diabetes, but do not distinguish between types.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The approach to treatment largely depends on the type of diabetes, so it is important to know which type you are dealing with.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If a doctor suspects type 1 diabetes, he or she may order a blood test for autoantibodies, since this type of diabetes is an autoimmune disease.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The presence of autoantibodies indicates that the body is attacking itself, which is common in type 1 diabetes, but not type 2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A urine test for ketones can also be performed. The body produces ketones when it uses fat as an energy source. If ketones are found in the urine, it may indicate type 1 diabetes.  <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][heading top_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; animation=&#8221;none&#8221; color=&#8221;Accent-Color&#8221; font_weight=&#8221;800&#8243; font_size=&#8221;50&#8243;]\n<h3 id=\"czy-mo\u017cna-unikn\u0105\u0107-zachorowania\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">What causes type 1 diabetes and can the disease be avoided?<\/span><\/h3>\n[\/heading][vc_column_text]<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.pl\/web\/uw-warminsko-mazurski\/cukrzyca--jedna-choroba-rozne-oblicza\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Factors<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which favor the incidence of this type of diabetes, are especially genetic conditions and viral infections (including rubella, mumps, cytomegalovirus).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Type 1 diabetes is not directly transmitted genetically. There is, however   <\/span><b>Hereditary susceptibility to autoimmune diseases<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This tendency toward autoimmunity, where the immune system attacks and destroys the body&#8217;s own cells, can be passed down between generations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Risk factors also include the mother&#8217;s age at delivery above 40, stressors and exposure to chemicals. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Unfortunately, there is currently no way to prevent type 1 diabetes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but it can be controlled to prevent serious complications.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][heading top_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; animation=&#8221;none&#8221; color=&#8221;Accent-Color&#8221; font_weight=&#8221;800&#8243; font_size=&#8221;50&#8243;]\n<h3 id=\"Skuteczne-zarz\u0105dzanie-cukrzyc\u0105\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Successful management of type 1 diabetes depends largely on the patient himself<\/span><\/h3>\n<div id=\"gtx-trans\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 196px; top: 47.7969px;\">\n<div class=\"gtx-trans-icon\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n[\/heading][vc_column_text]<b>In the treatment of type 1 diabetes, insulin therapy is the cornerstone.  <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients must take insulin because their bodies are unable to produce the hormone naturally.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are different types of insulin administered, characterized by different rates of action and duration of effect. It may be necessary to use more than one type. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients take insulin using an insulin pen or insulin pump.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The effectiveness of insulin therapy can be enhanced by <\/span><b>a carefully planned diabetic diet<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, physical activity, and control of cholesterol and blood pressure.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients also need to test their blood glucose levels regularly to accurately monitor and adjust insulin therapy and diet. Glucometers are the traditional method of measurement, but alternatives are emerging to increase patient comfort. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>One such innovation is Diabetomat, which determines blood sugar levels based on measuring diabetes biomarkers in exhaled air. <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/diabetomat.pl\/jak-dzialamy\/\"><b>Check out how it works<\/b><\/a><b>.<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n[\/vc_column_text][heading top_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; animation=&#8221;none&#8221; color=&#8221;Accent-Color&#8221; font_weight=&#8221;800&#8243; font_size=&#8221;50&#8243;]\n<h2 id=\"Powik\u0142ania-cukrzycy\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Complications of type 1 diabetes<\/span><\/h2>\n[\/heading][vc_column_text]<b>What <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.pl\/web\/uw-warminsko-mazurski\/cukrzyca--jedna-choroba-rozne-oblicza\"><b>6 seconds<\/b><\/a><b> in the world, someone dies from complications of diabetes!<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Over time, elevated blood glucose levels can result in problems such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA),<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Renal dysfunction (diabetic nephropathy),<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cardiovascular diseases,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">heart attack,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stroke,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vision problems,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nerve damage (diabetic neuropathy),<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">diabetic foot syndrome,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">inflammation of the gums,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sleep apnea,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">depression.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Very high blood glucose levels and low insulin levels lead to life-threatening diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). It occurs when the body lacks insulin to deliver sugar to the cells. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ketoacidosis can be recognized by breathing problems, feelings of confusion or impaired concentration, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, acetone-smelling breath, dry or reddened skin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Too much insulin or an amount that is mismatched with diet and activity (not enough food, waiting too long or extra physical activity) can lead to <\/span><b>hypoglycemia<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, i.e. blood sugar levels that are too low.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][heading top_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; constrain_group_1=&#8221;yes&#8221; bottom_margin=&#8221;100px&#8221; text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; animation=&#8221;none&#8221; color=&#8221;Accent-Color&#8221; font_weight=&#8221;800&#8243; font_size=&#8221;50&#8243;]\n<h3 id=\"Wiedza-o-tym\"><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Knowing how to manage type 1 diabetes is the first step to improving quality of life<\/span><\/h3>\n[\/heading][vc_column_text]<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When facing the difficulties of type 1 diabetes, prompt diagnosis, self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, proper diet, physical activity and strict adherence to recommended insulin doses are very important.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diabetomat is one of those technologies that focus on improving the quality of life with diabetes. It revolutionizes the daily monitoring of sugar levels. 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